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\u3010\u81ea\u5927\u72c2\u3011<\/p>\n
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\u68a6\u60f3\u5bb6\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7acb\u523b\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u95f2\u8c08\u4e13\u5bb6(conversationalist)\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6c99\u9f99\u91cc\u9762\u53e3\u6cab\u6a2a\u98de\u7684\u6e05\u5ba2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u4f5c\u662f\u81ea\u5927\u72c2\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u68a6\u60f3\u5bb6\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8fa8\u8bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u5174\u594b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u70b9\u5b50\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u65b0\u5947\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u773c\u5149\u6c38\u8fdc\u975e\u5e38\u4e50\u89c2\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7528\u73ab\u7470\u8272\u7684\u773c\u955c\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u6bcf\u4e00\u6837\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u5411\u5f88\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u521b\u9020\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u6269\u5927\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u65e0\u7a77\u65e0\u5c3d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e48\u5927\u8bdd\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5c0f\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u5f88\u4ee4\u4eba\u60cb\u60dc\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6210\u8fc7\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u53ca\u65f6\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u8feb\u7ec8\u6b62\uff1b\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u56e0\u4e3a\u652f\u63f4\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u6ca1\u94b1\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff0c\u66f4\u60e8\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u5e72\u7684\u52a9\u624b\uff0c\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u6216\u8005***\u4e0d\u591f\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u4e0d\u591f\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u9f13\u52b1\u8fd9\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7ed9\u4e88\u91d1\u94b1\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5b9e\u60c5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u68a6\u60f3\u5bb6\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u529b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u575a\u6bc5\u7684\u6052\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u4f5c\u5bb6\u845b\u62c9\u897f\u6069(Gracian)\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u8457\u300a\u795e\u8c15\u624b\u518c\u300b(Oraculo manual)\u91cc\u9762\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5373\u82b1\u4e86\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u529f\u592b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ca1\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u660e\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5c31\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0 \u6b64\u806a\u660e\u6709\u8282\u5236\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u4ed6\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u6311\u9017\u730e\u7269\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u6740\u6b7b\u730e\u7269\u4e0a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u3010\u4eea\u5668\u5d07\u62dc\u72c2\u3011<\/p>\n
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\u3010\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u7684\u4eba\u3011<\/p>\n
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\u3010\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u3011<\/p>\n
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\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u5230\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u78b0\u5230\u632b\u6298\u53ca\u5931\u671b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u4ea7\u751f\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u5305\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5929\u624d\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e0\u6b62\u5883\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u5c0f\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u771f\u786e\u4e0d\u79fb\u7684\u6559\u6761\uff0c\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u6240\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u61d2\u60f0\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6765\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u52e4\u594b\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e0b\u610f\u8bc6\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u606a\u9075\u6700\u5c11\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b(1aw of minimum effort)\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u505a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u6240\u82b1\u7684\u529f\u592b\uff0c\u8fdc\u6bd4\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u5c11\u5f97\u592a\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5fb7\u56fd\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u777f\u667a\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u4ed6\u78b0\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u8f7b\u6709\u4e3a\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7236\u5144\u822c\u7684\u529d\u544a\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u845b\u5e03\u54c8\u7279 (Gebhard)\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u845b\u5e03\u54c8\u7279\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u91ce\u5fc3\u521b\u9020\u7efc\u5408\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba(ambitious synthesis)\u3002\u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u8981\u521b\u9020\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5047\u8bbe\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u53d8\u6210\u5f88\u591a\u806a\u660e\u4eba\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff1b\u5012\u662f\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65b0\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d62\u5f97\u8363\u8000\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u5ffd\u7565\u5b83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u65b0\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u806a\u660e\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u8bc1\u660e\u65b0\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u65b0\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e3a\u4f60\u5e26\u6765\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f60\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u91cd\u89c6\u4f60\u53ca\u5c0a\u656c\u4f60\u3002 \u201d<\/p>\n
\u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u6240\u5199\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u53ca\u771f\u7406\u3002\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u624b\u7684\u672a\u6765\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9ad8\u8c08\u7406\u8bba\u53ca\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u7684\u786e\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u60f3\u7528\u7406\u8bba\u6765\u6559\u5bfc\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u201c\u597d\u4e3a\u4eba\u5e08\u201d\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u72c2\u5984\u65e0\u77e5\u611f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5728\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u663e\u73b0\u806a\u660e\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u611f\uff0c\u662f\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u611f\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u53ea\u6709\u4fee\u517b\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u73b0\u5f88\u591a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u660e\u667a\u5730\u539f\u8c05\u8fd9\u79cd\u65e0\u77e5\u7684\u4e3e\u52a8\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u53d8\u6210\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u770b\u770b\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u6210\u4e3a\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u6216\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bb6\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n
\u90a3\u8bfb\u8005\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u95ee\u6211\uff1a\u201c\u4ee5\u524d\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u6709\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u90a3\u73b0\u5728\u5199\u4ec0\u4e48\u53cd\u5bf9\u63d0\u51fa\u5047\u8bbe\u6765\u4e86\u5462?\u201d\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e48\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u533a\u5206\u6240\u8c13\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u5047\u8bbe(\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u9b4f\u5179\u66fc [Weismann]\u6240\u8bf4\u7684”Arbeits hypothesen\u201d\u8fd9\u53e5\u539f\u6587)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u201d\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53eb\u81ea\u7136\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u73b0\u8c61\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u95ee\u81ea\u7136\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e5f\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6700\u521d\u671f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u60f3\u8c61\u53ca\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u63d0\u51fa\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4ee5\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5047\u8bbe\u6765\u5ba2\u89c2\u5730\u5206\u6790\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u662f\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49(idealism)\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u662f\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u73b0\u5b9e\u800c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u51a5\u60f3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n
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http:\/\/bbs.cst.sh.cn\/cgi-bin\/bbs\/bbscon?board=Nature&file=M.1135872041.A&num=1072<\/p>\n
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http:\/\/biochemater.bokee.com\/4617570.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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\u68a6\u60f3\u5bb6\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7acb\u523b\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u95f2\u8c08\u4e13\u5bb6(conversationalist)\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6c99\u9f99\u91cc\u9762\u53e3\u6cab\u6a2a\u98de\u7684\u6e05\u5ba2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u4f5c\u662f\u81ea\u5927\u72c2\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u68a6\u60f3\u5bb6\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8fa8\u8bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u5174\u594b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u70b9\u5b50\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u65b0\u5947\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u773c\u5149\u6c38\u8fdc\u975e\u5e38\u4e50\u89c2\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7528\u73ab\u7470\u8272\u7684\u773c\u955c\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u6bcf\u4e00\u6837\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u5411\u5f88\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u521b\u9020\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u6269\u5927\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u65e0\u7a77\u65e0\u5c3d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e48\u5927\u8bdd\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5c0f\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u5f88\u4ee4\u4eba\u60cb\u60dc\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6210\u8fc7\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u53ca\u65f6\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u8feb\u7ec8\u6b62\uff1b\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u56e0\u4e3a\u652f\u63f4\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u6ca1\u94b1\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff0c\u66f4\u60e8\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u5e72\u7684\u52a9\u624b\uff0c\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u6216\u8005***\u4e0d\u591f\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u4e0d\u591f\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u9f13\u52b1\u8fd9\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7ed9\u4e88\u91d1\u94b1\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5b9e\u60c5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u68a6\u60f3\u5bb6\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u529b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u575a\u6bc5\u7684\u6052\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u4f5c\u5bb6\u845b\u62c9\u897f\u6069(Gracian)\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u8457\u300a\u795e\u8c15\u624b\u518c\u300b(Oraculo manual)\u91cc\u9762\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5373\u82b1\u4e86\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u529f\u592b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ca1\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u660e\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5c31\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0 \u6b64\u806a\u660e\u6709\u8282\u5236\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u4ed6\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u6311\u9017\u730e\u7269\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u6740\u6b7b\u730e\u7269\u4e0a\u3002\u201d \u3010\u4eea\u5668\u5d07\u62dc\u72c2\u3011 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\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u5230\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u78b0\u5230\u632b\u6298\u53ca\u5931\u671b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u4ea7\u751f\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u5305\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5929\u624d\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e0\u6b62\u5883\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u5c0f\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u771f\u786e\u4e0d\u79fb\u7684\u6559\u6761\uff0c\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u6240\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u3002 \u6240\u4ee5\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u61d2\u60f0\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6765\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u52e4\u594b\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e0b\u610f\u8bc6\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u606a\u9075\u6700\u5c11\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b(1aw of minimum effort)\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u505a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u6240\u82b1\u7684\u529f\u592b\uff0c\u8fdc\u6bd4\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u5c11\u5f97\u592a\u591a\u3002 \u5fb7\u56fd\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u777f\u667a\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u4ed6\u78b0\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u8f7b\u6709\u4e3a\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7236\u5144\u822c\u7684\u529d\u544a\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u845b\u5e03\u54c8\u7279 (Gebhard)\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u845b\u5e03\u54c8\u7279\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u91ce\u5fc3\u521b\u9020\u7efc\u5408\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba(ambitious synthesis)\u3002\u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u8981\u521b\u9020\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5047\u8bbe\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u53d8\u6210\u5f88\u591a\u806a\u660e\u4eba\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff1b\u5012\u662f\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65b0\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d62\u5f97\u8363\u8000\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u5ffd\u7565\u5b83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u65b0\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u806a\u660e\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u8bc1\u660e\u65b0\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u65b0\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e3a\u4f60\u5e26\u6765\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f60\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u91cd\u89c6\u4f60\u53ca\u5c0a\u656c\u4f60\u3002 \u201d 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